Types of Editing

 Types of Editing 

WHAT IS EDITING?

Editing is the process of selecting and preparing written, visual, audible and film media used to convey information. The editing process can involve correction, condensation, organization, and many other modifications performed with an intention of producing a correct, consistent, accurate and complete work.


TYPES OF EDITING 

180 Degree rule 

The angle between two consecutive shots should not exceed 180 degrees. in order to maintain relationships between two people and objects. It's also very important not to cross the 180 degrees, otherwise it may confuse the viewer.

Eye line match

We see a character looking at something off screen and then we cut to a shot of what they are looking at. The eyeline match begins with a character looking at something off-screen, followed by a cut to the object or person at which he is looking. For example, a man is looking off-screen to his left, and then the film cuts to a television that he is watching.

Match- on- action

We see a character start an action one shot and then see them continue it in the next shot.

Graphic Match

 

Graphic match is a cut in film editing between either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which objects in the two shots graphically match, often helping to establish a strong continuity of action. 

Dissolve Transition

1. In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a dissolve is a gradual transition from one image to another. The terms fade-out and fade-in are used to describe a transition to and from a blank image.

North by NorthWest

 North by North-west

Alfred Hitchcock released a film in 1959 called 'North by NorthWest'. This film meets many of the conventions of a thriller and it also brought a recurring series of themes to the movie. Innocent men falsely accused, mistaken identities, icy blondes with fiery sexuality, strong mothers and often-absent fathers. Bumbling cops, threatening spies, strangers on trains, subtle homoerotic undertones, exotic locales and surprising twists and turns of the plot - all populate the Hitchcock universe, and never more successfully done then in 'North by NorthWest'.

Plot
The plot of this film is complex to say the least with a lot of twists and turns. It starts out as a story of mistaken identity. Roger Thornhill an advertising executive is mistaken for an American Agent George Kaplan, by a group of spies. After a failed murder attempt he becomes a prime murder suspect of a United Nations official. As Roger flees from the police, he begins by tracking the real George Kaplan. Roger discovers, much to his dismay, that George Kaplan does not really exist. Roger meets Eve Kendall on a train to Chicago, which later becomes the love interest. At first she appears to help him but we soon find out that she is the mistress of Philip Van Damn, the spies’ leaders. She leads Roger into romance and than into danger. To the now legendary "dust Cropping" scene, in which he is chased by a dust cropping plane in an empty field "with no crops." Roger narrowly escapes with his life.

Red herrings

A red herring is a clue or something that is misleading or distracting to the viewer. In the film North by North west there is considered to be scenes that move the viewer to believing that something has happened but really it was purpose put there so that would happen. One of the main red herrings in the movie was when Eva Kendall shots Roger Thornhill. When this happens Kendall shots Thronhill the viewer always thinks that Thronhill is now dead but really it was a plan that they both put together to convince everyone that he is dead but really it was a plan so that they can both get away. This thrills the viewer and gives them something to think about because they are unsure about whats happening.

Cliff Hangers 

Crop- Duster Scene

Sound

1. Cars coming down the road- off screen sound.
2. The crop duster as it's getting closer the sound starts to increase and it gets louder. 
3. The crop duster and the sound of the bus at the same time- on screen sound.
4. Footsteps no on-screen sounds but the sound of Rogers feet hitting the ground.
5. The sound of the plane gets louder as it gets closer creating a tense atmosphere and for Roger it would be quite threatening- Parallel sound 
6. The music when the plane hit the truck was very fast pacing music- Contrapuntal

Editing

The editing is constantly cutting between the action and his reaction. It is cut in a way to create the Camerawork, such as a POV and shot reverse shot in the conversation between Thronhill and this man that is classed as a red herring because he was put there to make the viewer think that he has something to do with why Roger Thronhill had to turn up to this unknown place. 

Narratives of a thriller

 The theory that I think is mostly considered to be in the North by Northwest movie is the Classic Hollywood Narratives. This is because the style of the story determines how the film is organised with the elements of the story, sets , scenes, shots and sounds. Also, 
Todorovs theory has also been shown in North by NorthWest and applies to the movies excellently. 

MacGuffin

MacGuffin is a plot device in the form of some goal, desired object, or other motivator that the protagonist purses, often with little or no narrative explanation. I think that Alfred Hitchcock wanted to use a MacGuffn to create a sense of something of the unknown and a reason as to why such a small thing a the biggest necessity throughout the movie.